New full Sun views show sunspots, fields and restless plasma


Zoom into Solar Orbiter's four new Sun images, assembled from high-resolution observations by the spacecraft's PHI and EUI instruments made on 22 March 2023. The PHI images are the highest-resolution full views of the Sun's visible surface to date, including maps of the Sun's messy magnetic field and movement on the surface. These can be compared to the new EUI image, which reveals the Sun's glowing outer atmosphere, or corona.

No object in the Solar System is as dynamic and multifaceted as the Sun. The ESA-led Solar Orbiter mission watches the Sun with no less than six imaging instruments. Together, these allow the spacecraft to peel away the Sun's many layers and reveal its many faces.

Today, the mission reveals the highest-resolution full views of the Sun’s visible surface (photosphere) to date. They are assembled from images made by the spacecraft's Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager (PHI). This instrument not only takes images in visible light, but also measures the direction of the magnetic field, and maps how fast and in which direction different parts of the surface are moving.

PHI's measurements of the photosphere can be directly compared to a new image of the Sun's outer atmosphere (the corona) assembled from high-resolution images taken by the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (EUI) instrument on the same day in March 2023. EUI images the Sun in ultraviolet light.

"The Sun's magnetic field is key to understanding the dynamic nature of our home star from the smallest to the largest scales. These new high-resolution maps from Solar Orbiter's PHI instrument show the beauty of the Sun's surface magnetic field and flows in great detail. At the same time, they are crucial for inferring the magnetic field in the Sun's hot corona, which our EUI instrument is imaging,” notes Daniel Müller, Solar Orbiter's Project Scientist.

This release follows on from one two years ago, when the mission released full images of the Sun taken by the spacecraft's EUI and Spectral Imaging of the Coronal Environment (SPICE) instruments on 7 March 2022.

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